#How to encode a message i a picture code

In this method, the redundant bits are added to the data/message by the sender to encode the data. It is also capable of detecting single-bit errors.

#How to encode a message i a picture code

Hamming code is defined as, a linear code that is used in the error detection process up to 2-intermediate errors. In this process, if the data is corrupted, then the data will be rejected by the receiver otherwise it will be accepted. The data is transmitted in the form of codewords. The combination of actual data and the remainder is called a codeword. cyclic-redundancy-checkДuring the transmission of actual data from the sender, it adds the remainder at the end of the actual data. Before the transmission, a division operation is performed by the sender on the data/bits/frame to calculate the remainder. It involves in the binary division of the data that should be sent and uses polynomials (to generate divisor). His type is used to detect the data/frame received from the source is valid or not. It helps to send the set of parity bits along with the original data and checks the redundancy. Hen the set/block of bits are organized, then the LRC method can be used to check the parity bit in every frame. It is very less expensive among all types of error detection. In this type of error detection, the no.of 1вЂ™s should be even in the received frame. Hence, it is used to ensure that the frame/date received by the receiver from the source is not corrupted.

Similarly, of the no.of 1вЂ™s is odd, then the odd parity is used by adding the bit with value вЂ1вЂ™. If the no.of 1вЂ™s in a frame is even, then even parity is used by adding the bit вЂ1вЂ™with zero value. The receiver counts the no.of bits ( 1вЂ™s) in a frame to add the parity bit. The redundant bit called parity bit is added to make the no.of bits even or odd in case of even parity or odd parity. They are, parity check, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and longitudinal redundancy check. The errors in the received data can be detected by using 3 types of error detection codes. If there is вЂmвЂ™ no.of data bits and вЂrвЂ™ no.of redundant bits, then the combinations of information will be 2r.Дўr > = m+r+1 Types of Error Detection Codes If the data received by the receiver finds the error, then it executes the error-correcting codes, to correct and recover the data automatically. In this type of error correction, the receiver requests back the sender to retransmit the data if the receiver detects the error.